MATERIAL DATA SHEET

Brass Fitting/Hardware

Non-Ferrous Metals
mineral › Metallic › Non-Ferrous Metals
mineralmetallicbrasshardwarenon-ferrouscopper-zincantimicrobialdoor-hardwareheritagePVDrecyclablenon-combustibleAS4145data-complete
ATLAS CODE
MIN-MET-NF-011
Brass Fitting/Hardware
Category mineral
Material Family Metallic
Regulatory Status A1 (Non-combustible)
Density
8470-8530 kg/m3
Carbon (A1-A5)
3.0-5.0 kg CO2-eq/kg
Fire Class
A1 (Non-combustible)
Lifespan
50-100+ years
Description

Architectural brass hardware encompasses door handles, lever sets, hinges, escutcheons, kick plates, cabinet hardware, window fittings, and decorative metalwork made from copper-zinc alloys. The most common architectural brass alloys are C26000 (Cartridge Brass, 70% Cu / 30% Zn) for stamped and drawn components, and C36000 (Free-Cutting Brass, 61.5% Cu / 35.5% Zn / 3% Pb) for precision machined parts. Brass is valued in architecture for its warm golden colour, excellent machinability, inherent antimicrobial properties (copper alloys kill >99.9% of bacteria within 2 hours), and traditional association with quality craftsmanship. Modern architectural brass hardware is available in numerous PVD and electroplated finishes including polished brass, satin brass, antique brass, brushed gold, aged bronze, and matt black. All brass hardware for fire doors must comply with AS 4145.2 in Australia. Brass is non-combustible, 100% recyclable, and develops a warm brown patina if left uncoated.

Typical Uses
  • Door lever handles and hardware sets
  • Cabinet and joinery hardware
  • Antimicrobial touch surfaces
  • Heritage and restoration hardware
  • Fire door hardware
Recycled Content 50-70
Renewable Content 0
Recyclability 100
Embodied Carbon 3.0-5.0 kg CO2-eq/kg
Embodied Energy 44-80 MJ/kg
EPD Available No
Advantages
Inherent antimicrobial properties — EPA-registered, kills >99.9% bacteria within 2 hoursWarm golden colour with premium aesthetic appealExcellent machinability for precision components and complex shapesVersatile finishing options (polished, satin, brushed, aged, PVD, plated)100% recyclable with high scrap valueNon-combustible — compliant with fire door hardware requirements (AS 4145.2)Traditional material with strong association with quality and craftsmanshipGood corrosion resistance in dry atmospheric environmentsDevelops attractive patina if 'living finish' aesthetic is desired
Cautions
Susceptible to dezincification in moist/acidic environments (standard alloys)Tarnishes rapidly if uncoated — requires lacquer, PVD, or regular polishing to maintain bright finishStress corrosion cracking risk in ammonia-containing environmentsLeaded brasses (C36000) restricted under RoHS and drinking water regulationsHigher cost than zinc die-cast, aluminium, or stainless steel alternativesSofter than stainless steel — shows wear and scratching in high-traffic applicationsHeavy material adds weight to doors and cabinetry
TECHNICAL DATA: PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES MIN-MET-NF-011
Density (Dry) 8470-8530 kg/m3
Specific Gravity 8.53
Porosity 0 %
Water Absorption 0 %
Hardness 3-4 Mohs
Surface Roughness 0.05-1.6 um
UV Resistance Excellent
Chemical Resistance Good (dry) / Fair (wet)
pH Tolerance 6-9 pH
Available Colors
Polished brass (bright golden yellow)Satin brass (soft warm gold)Brushed gold (modern warm gold with directional grain)Antique brass (darkened, aged golden-brown)Aged/heritage brass (brown-green patina effect)Living brass (uncoated — develops natural patina over time)PVD matt black (on brass substrate)PVD brushed nickel (on brass substrate)PVD gun metal / graphite (on brass substrate)PVD rose gold / copper (on brass substrate)Chrome plated (on brass substrate)
Surface Finishes
Polished and lacquered (traditional bright brass, clear lacquer protection)Satin/brushed and lacquered (contemporary matte, lacquer protection)PVD coated (Physical Vapor Deposition — extremely durable colour coating, 10-25 year finish life)Electroplated chrome/nickel (traditional plating, 5-15 year finish life)Unlacquered / living finish (no coating — develops natural patina over time)Powder coated (matt colours on brass substrate — limited range)Oil-rubbed (hand-applied dark finish with highlighted edges)Waxed (micro-crystalline wax, enhances patina depth)
Texture Options
Mirror polished (high gloss, traditional 'polished brass')Satin/brushed (directional grain, contemporary preference)Tumbled/rumbled (soft-edged, organic feel)Cast texture (rough, artisanal quality)Knurled (machined grip texture)
Pattern Options
Knurled/textured grips (diamond knurl, linear knurl, cross-hatch)Fluted handles (longitudinal grooves)Cast decorative patterns (scroll, acanthus, geometric — heritage styles)Hammered finish (hand or machine-hammered texture)Smooth/plain (contemporary minimalist)
Compressive Strength 338-524 MPa
Tensile Strength 338-524 MPa
Flexural Strength 338-524 MPa
Shear Strength 200-250 MPa
Elastic Modulus 110 GPa
Yield Strength 69-415 MPa
Impact Resistance 30-60 J
Bearing Capacity N/A kPa
Poisson's Ratio 0.375
Creep Resistance Good
Abrasion Resistance Moderate
Thermal Conductivity 120 W/mK
Thermal Resistance N/A m2K/W
Specific Heat Capacity 375 J/kgK
Thermal Expansion 0.020 mm/m/degC
Melting Point 885-955 degC
Ignition Temperature N/A (non-combustible) degC
Sound Transmission Class (STC) N/A
Noise Reduction Coeff. (NRC) N/A
Optical
Light Transmittance 0 %
Light Reflectance (LRV) 40-75 %
Solar Reflectance (SRI) N/A
Electrical
Electrical Conductivity 27 % IACS

Brass (copper-zinc alloy) has been produced since at least the Roman period, initially by cementation of copper with zinc ore (calamine). True brass casting from metallic zinc became widespread in Europe from the 16th century. Brass door furniture became standard in Georgian and Victorian architecture (18th-19th centuries), with Birmingham becoming the world centre of brass hardware manufacturing (the 'City of a Thousand Trades'). The standardisation of door lever sets, hinges, and lock furniture in the early 20th century established brass as the default material for quality architectural hardware. Post-war decades saw competition from aluminium, stainless steel, and zinc die-casting, but brass retained its premium positioning. The 2000s-2010s saw a strong revival of brass finishes in interior design ('warm metallics' trend), expanding beyond traditional polished brass to include satin, brushed, aged, and living finishes. Post-COVID (2020+), brass's antimicrobial properties drove renewed specification in healthcare and public buildings. In Australia, Designer Doorware, Windsor Hardware, and Zanda are leading suppliers of solid brass architectural hardware. Current trends include PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) finishes that provide extremely durable colour coatings on brass substrates, and 'living brass' finishes that develop natural patina over time.

SAFETY, ECOLOGY & INSTALLATION MIN-MET-NF-011
Flame Spread Index 0
Smoke Developed Index 0
Combustibility Class A1 (Non-combustible)
Ignition Temperature N/A (non-combustible) degC
Fire Resistance Rating 30-120 (per AS 4145.2) minutes
Heat Release Rate 0 kW/m2
Toxicity of Combustion Non-toxic (non-combustible)
Embodied Carbon (A1-A3) 3.0-5.0 kg CO2-eq/kg
Embodied Energy 44-80 MJ/kg
Water Footprint 40-100 L/kg
EPD Available No
Recycled Content 100%
Renewable Content 0%
LEED Points 0-1 points
Circular Economy Score 9.0 /10
VOC Emissions 0 ug/m3
Skill Level Standard Trade
Crew Size 1 persons
Installation Time 0.5-1.0 per door hours/m2
Curing Time 0 hours
Setting Time 0 hours
Temperature Range -10 to +50 degC
Humidity Range 0-100 %RH
Required Tools
Standard woodworking tools (drill, chisel, router for mortice locks)Template jig for door preparation (manufacturer-specific)Screwdrivers (Phillips/Pozidriv, often provided with hardware)Spirit level for alignmentMasking tape to protect finishes during installation
Certifications Required
Carpentry trade qualification or locksmith licence (for commercial fire door hardware)Fire door hardware installer competency (AS 4145.2) for fire-rated doorsNo specialist material certifications required
Weather Limitations
No weather limitations for interior hardware installationExterior hardware should be installed in dry conditions to prevent moisture entrapment behind backplates
COMMERCIAL, LOGISTICS & REGULATORY MIN-MET-NF-011
Material Cost 250-800 per lever set AUD/m2
Installation Cost 80-200 per door AUD/m2
Annual Maintenance 0-15 per piece/year AUD/m2/year
Lifecycle Cost (50yr) N/A (per piece) AUD/m2
Market Availability Good
Lead Time 5-84 days
Supply & Logistics
AU Distributors
Designer Doorware — direct to trade and retailZanda — national distribution through hardware wholesalersWindsor Hardware — national distributionKeeler Hardware — direct supply, Sydney showroomBunnings Warehouse — basic brass hardware rangesBeacon Lighting/hardware specialists — decorative ranges
Design Life 50-100+ years
Warranty Period 7-15 years
Maintenance Interval 365-2555 days
Service Temp Range -40 to +200 degC
Freeze/Thaw Resistance Unlimited cycles
Dimensional Stability 2.0 mm/m
Certifications Held
AS 4145.1 - Locksets and hardware for doors - Mechanical and operational testAS 4145.2 - Fire door hardware certification?Green Star Materials credit eligible (recycled content)LEED v4.1 MRc4 recycled content eligible (minor contribution)Living Building Challenge Red List Free (unleaded brass alloys)EPA registered antimicrobial surface (copper alloys >60% Cu content)AS/NZS 4020 - Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water (DZR/lead-free alloys only)RoHS compliant alternatives available (lead-free brass C27450 ECO Brass)
Fire Code Compliance
AS 4145.2 - Locksets and hardware for doors - Fire door hardware (primary compliance standard)AS 1905.1 - Components for the protection of openings in fire-resistant walls - Fire-resistant doorsetsAS 1530.4 - Methods for fire tests on building materials - Fire-resistance test of elements of constructionNCC 2022 Section C - Fire resistance requirements for door hardware
Standards Compliance
NCC 2022 Volume 1 - Fire door hardware requirements (Section C)NCC 2022 - Accessibility requirements (AS 1428.1 compliant lever designs)DDA - Disability Discrimination Act compliant hardware designsAS 1428.1 - Design for access and mobility - General requirementsASTM B36 - Standard Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarASTM B455 - Standard Specification for Copper-Zinc-Lead Alloy (Leaded-Brass) Extruded ShapesISO 22041 - Building hardware - Fire doors - Hardware requirementsISO 14040/14044 - Life cycle assessmentEN 1906 - Building hardware - Lever handles and knob furnitureEN 12209 - Building hardware - Locks and latchesEN 1935 - Single-axis hingesEN 1670 - Building hardware - Corrosion resistance

DISCLAIMER: This specification document is generated from the CLAD Materials Atlas Database. Information is for general guidance only and does not constitute professional engineering advice. Values are typical and may vary by batch, manufacturer, and production run. Verify suitability for specific project applications independently.

ID: MIN-MET-NF-011 Schema: v3.0