MATERIAL DATA SHEET

Precast Concrete Panel

Concrete/Masonry
mineral › Cementitious › Concrete/Masonry
mineralcementitiousprecastpanelconcretenon-combustiblestructuralcladdingfire-resistantacousticdurablerecyclable
ATLAS CODE
MIN-CEM-PC-003
Precast Concrete Panel
Category mineral
Material Family Cementitious
Regulatory Status Non-combustible (AS 1530.1)
Density
2300-2400 kg/m3
Carbon (A1-A5)
0.10-0.26 kg CO2-eq/kg
Fire Class
Non-combustible (AS 1530.1)
Lifespan
60-100+ years
Description

Factory-manufactured reinforced concrete panels produced under controlled conditions for use as structural walls, cladding, and facade elements in commercial, industrial, and residential construction. Panels are cast in precision moulds with steel reinforcement (typically N12-N16 bars or welded mesh to AS/NZS 4671), lifted by crane, and fixed to the building structure via cast-in ferrules, bolted connections, or welded brackets. Available in thicknesses from 100 mm to 300 mm with concrete grades typically 40-65 MPa (AS 3600), precast panels offer high compressive strength, excellent fire resistance (non-combustible per AS 1530.1), superior acoustic insulation, and design flexibility through a wide range of surface finishes including off-form, honed, polished, exposed aggregate, acid-etched, and sandblasted options. Manufacturing to AS 3850 ensures dimensional accuracy and quality control superior to site-cast alternatives.

Primary Sectors
[Commercial][Industrial]
Typical Uses
  • Commercial facade cladding
  • Structural load-bearing walls
  • Industrial/warehouse walls
  • Sound barriers and noise walls
  • Fire-rated boundary walls
mm
Primary Form [Variable / — / Up / To / 3.5 / M / X / 14 / M]
Weight [240-720] kg/m2
Recycled Content 10-40
Renewable Content 0
Recyclability 100
Embodied Carbon 0.10-0.26 kg CO2-eq/kg
Embodied Energy 1.0-2.0 MJ/kg
EPD Available Yes
Advantages
Factory-controlled manufacture ensures consistent quality, dimensional accuracy, and superior surface finishes.Excellent fire resistance: non-combustible per AS 1530.1 with FRL ratings up to -/240/240 for thick panels.High compressive strength (40-65 MPa typical) enabling structural load-bearing and long-span applications.Wide range of architectural finishes including polished, honed, exposed aggregate, acid-etched, and textured options.Long service life of 60-100+ years with minimal maintenance requirements.
Cautions
Heavy panels require crane access and specialised lifting equipment for installation, limiting use on constrained sites.Long lead times (typically 6-12 weeks) due to mould fabrication, casting, curing, and transport logistics.Joint detailing and waterproofing between panels requires careful design to prevent water ingress and acoustic flanking.Transport limitations restrict maximum panel dimensions to approximately 3.5 m width and 12-14 m length.Higher upfront cost per m2 compared to tilt-up or masonry alternatives, though life-cycle costs may be competitive.
TECHNICAL DATA: PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES MIN-CEM-PC-003
Density (Dry) 2300-2400 kg/m3
Specific Gravity 2.3-2.4
Porosity 5-15 %
Water Absorption 3-6 %
Hardness 6-7 Mohs
Surface Roughness 1-5000 um
UV Resistance excellent
Chemical Resistance moderate-good
pH Tolerance 6-13 pH
Available Colors
Natural grey (standard Portland cement)Off-white (white cement)Cream/buff (oxide pigments)Terracotta/red (oxide pigments)Charcoal/dark grey (oxide pigments or slag cement)Custom colours via integral oxide pigmentsAggregate colour contribution (varies with stone type)
Surface Finishes
Off-form smoothOff-form textured (form liner)Honed (fine grinding to expose aggregate)Polished (progressive grinding to high gloss)Exposed aggregate (acid-etched or sandblasted)Painted (various coating systems)Sealed (clear penetrating or film-forming sealer)Rendered (applied cement render over panel)
Texture Options
Smooth (steel mould)Light sandblastMedium sandblastHeavy sandblastBush-hammeredAcid-etchedHonedPolishedExposed aggregate (light, medium, deep)Shot-blasted
Pattern Options
Smooth off-form (steel or timber mould)Board-marked (timber grain texture)Ribbed/fluted profilesCustom form liner patterns (brick, stone, geometric)Reveal patterns (horizontal/vertical grooves)Sculptural 3D profiles
Compressive Strength 40-65 MPa
Tensile Strength 2.0-3.5 MPa
Flexural Strength 4.0-5.0 MPa
Shear Strength 1.0-1.5 MPa
Elastic Modulus 30-37 GPa
Yield Strength Not applicable MPa
Impact Resistance moderate J/m
Bearing Capacity Not specified kPa
Poisson's Ratio 0.2
Creep Resistance moderate
Abrasion Resistance Good
Thermal Conductivity 1.0-1.8 W/mK
Thermal Resistance 0.107 m2K/W
Specific Heat Capacity 880-1000 J/kgK
Thermal Expansion 8-12 x10^-6/degC
Melting Point Not applicable (decomposes >300) degC
Ignition Temperature Not applicable degC
Sound Transmission Class (STC) 45-58 Rw
Noise Reduction Coeff. (NRC) 0.01-0.05
Optical
Light Transmittance 0 %
Light Reflectance (LRV) 30-70 %
Solar Reflectance (SRI) 20-80

Precast concrete technology emerged in the mid-19th century with early examples of factory-cast concrete elements in France and England. The modern precast industry developed rapidly post-World War II, driven by the need for fast, economical construction of housing and industrial buildings. In Australia, the precast industry grew significantly from the 1960s onward, with the National Precast Concrete Association Australia (NPCAA) established in 1990 to represent manufacturers and promote best practice. The introduction of AS 3850 (Prefabricated Concrete Elements) and updates to AS 3600 have progressively improved design, manufacture, and erection standards. Contemporary developments include high-performance concrete mixes (80-100 MPa), ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) panels, architectural finishes using form liners and pigments, and thermally efficient sandwich panel systems with fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) connectors to minimise thermal bridging.

SAFETY, ECOLOGY & INSTALLATION MIN-CEM-PC-003
Flame Spread Index 0
Smoke Developed Index 0
Combustibility Class Non-combustible (AS 1530.1)
Ignition Temperature Not applicable degC
Fire Resistance Rating -/60/60 to -/240/240 (thickness dependent) FRL (minutes)
Heat Release Rate 0 kW/m2
Toxicity of Combustion non-toxic
Embodied Carbon (A1-A3) 0.10-0.26 kg CO2-eq/kg
Embodied Energy 1.0-2.0 MJ/kg
Water Footprint 150-250 L/kg
EPD Available Yes
Recycled Content 100%
Renewable Content 0%
LEED Points 2-5 points
Circular Economy Score 7 /10
VOC Emissions 0 ug/m3
Skill Level skilled-specialist
Crew Size 4-5 persons
Installation Time 6-12 panels/day
Curing Time 7-28 days
Setting Time Not applicable (pre-cured) hours
Temperature Range 5-40 degC
Humidity Range Any %RH
Required Tools
Mobile crane (capacity dependent on panel weight, typically 25-100 tonne)Lifting clutches or cast-in lifting anchorsSpirit level and plumb bob for alignmentTorque wrench for bolted connectionsWelding equipment (for welded connections)Grout pump and mixing equipmentAngle grinder with diamond blade for minor trimmingSealant gun for joint sealing
Certifications Required
Crane operator licence (C2-C6 depending on crane type, per state WHS regulations)Dogman/rigger licence (DG/RB/RI per state WHS regulations)Working at heights certificationStructural engineer sign-off on connections (AS 3850)General construction induction (White Card)
Weather Limitations
High wind speeds (>40 km/h) restrict crane lifting operations per AS 1418Electrical storms require immediate cessation of crane workHeavy rain may delay grouting and sealing operationsFog/low visibility affects crane operation safety
COMMERCIAL, LOGISTICS & REGULATORY MIN-CEM-PC-003
Material Cost 150-350 AUD/m2
Installation Cost 250-390 AUD/m2
Annual Maintenance 1.00-3.00 AUD/m2/year
Lifecycle Cost (50yr) 400-700 AUD/m2
Market Availability good
Lead Time 6-12 weeks
Supply & Logistics
Shelf Life Indefinite — concrete continues to gain strength over time. Protect from physical damage during storage. months
Design Life 60-100+ years
Warranty Period 10-15 years
Maintenance Interval 10-15 years
Service Temp Range -40 to 300 degC
Freeze/Thaw Resistance 300+ cycles
Dimensional Stability 0.5-0.7 mm/m
Certifications Held
National Precast Concrete Association Australia (NPCAA) membership certificationAS/NZS ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems (major manufacturers)EPD Australasia — Envirocon Precast Concrete EPD (SP03850, valid to Nov 2027)Green Star — Materials credit contributionsIS Rating (Infrastructure Sustainability) — Materials credits
Fire Code Compliance
NCC Volume 1 Specification 7 (C1.10) — Deemed-to-satisfy non-combustible materialNCC Volume 1 Specification 8 (C1.11) — Performance of external walls in fire (precast/tilt-up)AS 3600:2018 Section 5 — Design for fire resistance (Tables 5.7.1 and 5.7.2 for walls)AS 1530.1 — Non-combustible classification
Standards Compliance
NCC Volume 1 — All building classificationsNCC BCA Part C — Fire resistance requirementsNCC BCA Part F — Health and amenity (acoustic requirements)AS 3600:2018 — Structural design complianceAS 3850-2015 — Manufacture, transport, and erection of prefabricated concrete elements

DISCLAIMER: This specification document is generated from the CLAD Materials Atlas Database. Information is for general guidance only and does not constitute professional engineering advice. Values are typical and may vary by batch, manufacturer, and production run. Verify suitability for specific project applications independently.

ID: MIN-CEM-PC-003 Schema: v3.0